The research focuses on integration; the extent to which host country health facilities provide services to both refugees and national populations (potentially with financial support from external agencies), in a manner whereby both populations are able to receive equally appropriate care, of an adequate quality. Subsumed within this concept of integration are also the notions that (i) health workers from the refugee population are able to work and provide health care services, and (ii) that financial mechanisms established to support services are integrated with financing channels employed by the host nation. Therefore, we will assess integration from three different perspective: the service delivery model, the integration of refugee health workers and the financing mechanism.

Research question 1: What are the perceptions and experiences of stakeholders (international, regional and national) as well as host and refugee populations towards refugees’ integration in health systems and how does this differ across contexts?

Research question 2: What factors, at the structural, institutional and individual/community levels, have shaped the adoption and implementation (or lack thereof) of country policies that support the integration of refugees into health systems?

Research question 3: To what extent are refugees integrated (or not) into national health systems, and how has this affected availability, access and quality of health services for both refugees and national population?

Research question 4: What financial mechanisms and flows have been employed to support the integration of refugees into health systems and how has this affected financial sustainability of health services for both refugees and national populations?